Soul Beat Africa

• PROGRAMME EXPERIENCES - advocacy and edutainment programmes for WASH...
• EVALUATIONS - of a school handwashing and a rural sanitation programme...
• RESEARCH REPORTS - on changing behaviour on handwashing with soap...
• RESOURCE MATERIALS - WASH tools on gender, advocacy, and emergency responses...

• 1. Healthy Start Advocacy Campaign - GlobalHealthy Start is WaterAid's four-year (2015-2019) campaign focused on improving the health and nutrition of newborn babies and children. The campaign aims to bring forward the evidence of "access to clean water for hygiene" on lowering infant mortality statistics. One of the objectives of the campaign is to give guidance on promoting clean water and sanitation in clinics through staff training in hygiene practices.
  
• 2. Social and Behaviour Change Communication for Trachoma - UgandaRunning from 2012 to 2014 in Uganda, this project was designed to improve social norms and practices around consistent face washing and environmental cleanliness in order to prevent trachoma, a leading cause of preventable blindness. The initiative included the creation of an e-toolkit, as well as formative research to understand key knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours that support or hinder improvements in face washing and environmental changes. The project is led by Sightsavers, in collaboration with Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Center for Communication Programs (JHU-CCP) and other partners.
  
• 3. Cleaner, Healthier, Happier - Bangladesh, India, and NigeriaThis Sesame Workshop initiative consists of a multi-media intervention to promote positive health behaviours in children ages three to seven years and their caregivers in Bangladesh, India, and Nigeria - with a focus on some of the economically poorest and most vulnerable communities. Launched in October 2012 and running until October 2015, the project provides messaging around sanitation and hygiene in areas such as latrine use, hand washing, and methods of storing and handling water. The campaign aims to reduce the number of children under the age of five who contract preventable and treatable diseases by providing access to meaningful sanitation and hygiene education.
  

• 4. Promoting Handwashing and Sanitation: An Impact Evaluation of Two Large-Scale Campaigns in Rural Tanzania [February, 2015]By Elisabeth BurgessThis research brief discusses the challenges of poor sanitation and hygiene in rural Tanzania and provides an overview of two large-scale campaigns that sought to address these problems. It also shares key results of an evaluation to assess the impact of these two campaigns - the Handwashing with Soap programme and the Rural Sanitation programme. They were designed to promote access to proper sanitation and encourage handwashing with soap by influencing people's behaviour, changing marketplace dynamics, and strengthening the role of local government in service delivery.
  
• 5. Evaluation of the SOPO School Handwashing Promotion Programme [February, 2015]By Kelly Kamm, Christina Crabtree-Ide, Ann Thomas, and Pavani K. RamThis WASH Field Note discusses the results of an evaluation, which was conducted to assess the extent of sustained behaviour change resulting from the Sopo schools campaign in Kenya. The campaign sought to increase handwashing behaviours among school children as a way to improve health and sanitation among children and their caregivers. This field note discusses the implementation, as well as the results of an assessment conducted two years after the close of the campaign.
  
• 6. Handwashing Promotion Monitoring and Evaluation Module [October, 2013]By Jelena Vujcic and Pavani K. RamThis handwashing promotion evaluation guide is designed to explain the planning and implementation of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for handwashing promotion programmes. The guide, published by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), covers: the 7 major steps of monitoring and evaluating handwashing promotion; choosing indicators appropriate to the programme's objectives; collecting the necessary data and sample questions for indicators relevant to handwashing advocacy, education, and behaviour change; as well as health impact measurement and caveats for the inclusion of health impact assessment as part of an M&E plan.
  

• 7. Level of Behaviour Change Achievable by Handwashing with Soap Interventions: A Rapid Review [April, 2015]By Marieke Heijnen and Katie GreenlandThis rapid literature review of manuscripts and reports sought to answer the following questions: What is the level of behaviour change that is possible in response to a successful hygiene intervention? How can this help inform programme design and monitoring? And which factors within each intervention may have contributed to a successful or sustainable intervention? The literature review is primarily based on peer-reviewed articles as well as programme reports and other grey literature published from 2005 to date.
  
• 8. Triggering Handwashing with Soap in CLTS: Insights on What Works from Malawi [January, 2015]By Jolly Ann MaulitThis Field Note discusses using "behaviour triggers" to encourage handwashing as part of Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) processes in Malawi. After it was found that there were few tools available to support triggering handwashing behaviours, UNICEF led a pilot intervention to use demonstrations and roles plays as tools to encourage handwashing. The brief outlines how the pilot resulted in ten tested tools and improvements in handwashing within the pilot communities.
  

• 9. Post 2015 Hygiene Advocacy Toolkit [March, 2015]This hygiene advocacy toolkit is an evidence-based resource that outlines why hygiene must be a priority in the Post-2015 sustainable development agenda and goals (SDGs). It was developed by the Global Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing (PPPHW), in cooperation with the UNICEF/World Health Organization Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) Advocacy and Communications Group. It is intended for use in making a case for hygiene in the following sectors: water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH); health; nutrition; education; poverty; and gender equality - by providing definitions, evidence, strategies, and talking points to be used "as a whole, or on a stand-alone basis depending on the context and audience".
  
• 10. Community-Led Total Sanitation Knowledge HubThe Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) Knowledge Hub at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) aims to support CLTS to go to scale sustainably and with quality. The CLTS approach "is an innovative methodology for mobilising communities to completely eliminate open defecation (OD). Communities are facilitated to conduct their own appraisal and analysis of open defecation (OD) and take their own action to become ODF (open defecation free)." The Hub was created to contribute to the momentum of the CLTS movement and to keep the CLTS community well connected and informed, as well as provide spaces for reflection, continuous learning, and knowledge exchange.
  
• 11. Field Guide: Three Star Approach for WASH in Schools [August, 2013]This field guide is designed to explore the Three Star Approach in an effort to ensure that healthy habits are taught, practiced, and integrated into daily school routines. In the Three Star Approach, developed by UNICEF and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, schools are guided to take simple steps to make sure that all students wash their hands with soap, have access to clean drinking water, and are provided with clean, gender-segregated, and child-friendly toilets at school every day. A fundamental principle behind the approach is that expensive WASH infrastructure in schools is not necessary to meet health goals.
  
• 12. Violence, Gender and WASH: A Practitioner's Toolkit - Making Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Safer through Improved Programming and Services [2014]By Sarah House, Suzanne Ferron, Marni Sommer, and Sue CavillThis toolkit shares examples of promising good practices and tools designed to help reduce vulnerabilities to violence associated with WASH programmes and services. The toolkit was developed in recognition of the fact that, although lack of access to appropriate sanitation, hygiene, and water services is not the root cause of violence, it can lead to increased vulnerabilities to violence of varying forms. For example, poorly designed and managed WASH services can increase the exposure of vulnerable people - particularly women, girls, and those with disabilities - to the risk of violence.
  
• 13. WASH for Schoolchildren in Emergencies: A Guidebook for Teachers [March, 2015]This guidebook was produced by UNICEF for teachers in emergency situations. Accompanied by regional flashcards (Africa, Afghanistan/Pakistan, and Latin America) and visual aids, the guidebook provides teachers with the tools to teach children about health practices involving water, sanitation and hygiene. The WASH in Schools programme aims to support the provision of safe drinking water and improved sanitation facilities, including in emergencies when schools may house displaced people.
  
• 14. Handwashing with Soap Toolkit [2013]Published by the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP), this toolkit is intended for public health and other development practitioners working in water, sanitation, and hygiene who want to use behaviour change strategies to promote handwashing with soap. The toolkit is based on experiences and lessons learned from the Global Scaling Up Handwashing project, a handwashing behaviour change project implemented in Peru, Senegal, Tanzania, and Vietnam by local and national governments with technical support from WSP.
  
• 15. UNICEF Cholera Toolkit [2013]This Cholera Toolkit was produced to provide UNICEF staff and partners with practical resources to support the implementation of integrated approaches to cholera prevention, preparedness, and response. "It addresses water, hygiene and sanitation, health, and communication for development (C4D), as well as specific content linked to education, nutrition, child protection, and other relevant sectors." The toolkit was developed based on a review of existing guidance and in global consultation with specialists in cholera-related fields. According to UNICEF, it "puts proven guidance, tools and best practices relating to cholera together in one place accessible to everyone."
  

• The Soul Beat 192 - Communication for Hygiene and Sanitation in Africa